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Report Summary

  • 63

    Performance

    Renders faster than
    77% of other websites

  • 97

    Accessibility

    Visual factors better than
    that of 91% of websites

  • 75

    Best Practices

    More advanced features
    available than in
    35% of websites

  • 75

    SEO

    Google-friendlier than
    32% of websites

handbook.cochrane.org

Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions | Cochrane Training

Page Load Speed

1.8 sec in total

First Response

206 ms

Resources Loaded

1.4 sec

Page Rendered

231 ms

handbook.cochrane.org screenshot

About Website

Click here to check amazing Handbook Cochrane content for United States. Otherwise, check out these important facts you probably never knew about handbook.cochrane.org

This Handbook outlines in detail Cochrane's methods for conducting systematic reviews of interventions, including planning, literature searching, assessing bias

Visit handbook.cochrane.org

Key Findings

We analyzed Handbook.cochrane.org page load time and found that the first response time was 206 ms and then it took 1.6 sec to load all DOM resources and completely render a web page. This is quite a good result, as only 35% of websites can load faster.

Performance Metrics

handbook.cochrane.org performance score

63

Measured Metrics

name

value

score

weighting

FCP (First Contentful Paint)

Value2.4 s

70/100

10%

LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)

Value5.8 s

15/100

25%

SI (Speed Index)

Value3.1 s

93/100

10%

TBT (Total Blocking Time)

Value40 ms

100/100

30%

CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)

Value0.356

31/100

15%

TTI (Time to Interactive)

Value4.7 s

80/100

10%

Network Requests Diagram

handbook.cochrane.org

206 ms

handbook

321 ms

css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css

90 ms

css_SvgZYgwXO6d8JE2WPjOiyCslu_C6xX7qNmTnbdQpbLA.css

170 ms

css_XB_ai-Y_Wwr94E-2NJkkIKrv6PCnbbg7sJJuBsCbiDI.css

237 ms

Our browser made a total of 39 requests to load all elements on the main page. We found that 3% of them (1 request) were addressed to the original Handbook.cochrane.org, 79% (31 requests) were made to Training.cochrane.org and 13% (5 requests) were made to Fonts.gstatic.com. The less responsive or slowest element that took the longest time to load (548 ms) relates to the external source Training.cochrane.org.

Page Optimization Overview & Recommendations

Page size can be reduced by 122.8 kB (35%)

Content Size

353.9 kB

After Optimization

231.1 kB

  • HTML
  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

In fact, the total size of Handbook.cochrane.org main page is 353.9 kB. This result falls beyond the top 1M of websites and identifies a large and not optimized web page that may take ages to load. 40% of websites need less resources to load. Images take 229.1 kB which makes up the majority of the site volume.

HTML Optimization

-76%

Potential reduce by 28.5 kB

  • Original 37.7 kB
  • After minification 36.0 kB
  • After compression 9.1 kB

HTML content can be minified and compressed by a website’s server. The most efficient way is to compress content using GZIP which reduces data amount travelling through the network between server and browser. HTML code on this page is well minified. It is highly recommended that content of this web page should be compressed using GZIP, as it can save up to 28.5 kB or 76% of the original size.

Image Optimization

-37%

Potential reduce by 84.5 kB

  • Original 229.1 kB
  • After minification 144.6 kB

Image size optimization can help to speed up a website loading time. The chart above shows the difference between the size before and after optimization. Obviously, Handbook Cochrane needs image optimization as it can save up to 84.5 kB or 37% of the original volume. The most popular and efficient tools for JPEG and PNG image optimization are Jpegoptim and PNG Crush.

JavaScript Optimization

-16%

Potential reduce by 9.5 kB

  • Original 57.4 kB
  • After minification 55.6 kB
  • After compression 47.9 kB

It’s better to minify JavaScript in order to improve website performance. The diagram shows the current total size of all JavaScript files against the prospective JavaScript size after its minification and compression. It is highly recommended that all JavaScript files should be compressed and minified as it can save up to 9.5 kB or 16% of the original size.

CSS Optimization

-1%

Potential reduce by 328 B

  • Original 29.8 kB
  • After minification 29.8 kB
  • After compression 29.5 kB

CSS files minification is very important to reduce a web page rendering time. The faster CSS files can load, the earlier a page can be rendered. Handbook.cochrane.org has all CSS files already compressed.

Requests Breakdown

Number of requests can be reduced by 18 (56%)

Requests Now

32

After Optimization

14

  • Images
  • JavaScript
  • CSS

The browser has sent 32 CSS, Javascripts, AJAX and image requests in order to completely render the main page of Handbook Cochrane. We recommend that multiple CSS and JavaScript files should be merged into one by each type, as it can help reduce assets requests from 13 to 1 for JavaScripts and from 7 to 1 for CSS and as a result speed up the page load time.

Network Requests Diagram

handbook.cochrane.org

handbook.cochrane.org

206 ms

handbook

handbook

321 ms

css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css

css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css

90 ms

css_SvgZYgwXO6d8JE2WPjOiyCslu_C6xX7qNmTnbdQpbLA.css

css_SvgZYgwXO6d8JE2WPjOiyCslu_C6xX7qNmTnbdQpbLA.css

170 ms

css_XB_ai-Y_Wwr94E-2NJkkIKrv6PCnbbg7sJJuBsCbiDI.css

css_XB_ai-Y_Wwr94E-2NJkkIKrv6PCnbbg7sJJuBsCbiDI.css

237 ms

css

css

54 ms

css_zHdVhLYnUgim2sVU70Zb8BKdwsWvi2OsOQJyh1jeo-A.css

css_zHdVhLYnUgim2sVU70Zb8BKdwsWvi2OsOQJyh1jeo-A.css

247 ms

css_VcDAxWpEGdHLn7Qt_Xlph7PNcDRBVMzkppXXztDVpOc.css

css_VcDAxWpEGdHLn7Qt_Xlph7PNcDRBVMzkppXXztDVpOc.css

245 ms

logo-purple.png

logo-purple.png

405 ms

handbook-banner.png

handbook-banner.png

420 ms

jquery.min.js

jquery.min.js

403 ms

jquery-extend-3.4.0.js

jquery-extend-3.4.0.js

416 ms

jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js

jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js

417 ms

jquery.once.js

jquery.once.js

417 ms

drupal.js

drupal.js

416 ms

jquery_browser.js

jquery_browser.js

418 ms

cochrane_cookies.min.js

cochrane_cookies.min.js

418 ms

cochrane_autocomplete.min.js

cochrane_autocomplete.min.js

420 ms

jquery.autocomplete.min.js

jquery.autocomplete.min.js

419 ms

rrssb.init.js

rrssb.init.js

490 ms

rrssb.min.js

rrssb.min.js

490 ms

script.min.js

script.min.js

490 ms

rss-white.png

rss-white.png

479 ms

twitter-white.png

twitter-white.png

480 ms

facebook-white.png

facebook-white.png

480 ms

youtube-white.png

youtube-white.png

546 ms

instagram-white.png

instagram-white.png

548 ms

linkedin-white.png

linkedin-white.png

548 ms

search-purple.png

search-purple.png

292 ms

forestplot-transparent.png

forestplot-transparent.png

292 ms

external-link.png

external-link.png

290 ms

cochrane-57-white.png

cochrane-57-white.png

365 ms

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6xK3dSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qNq7j.woff

19 ms

6xKydSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3i54rwmRdo.woff

6xKydSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3i54rwmRdo.woff

61 ms

6xKydSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3ig4vwmRdo.woff

6xKydSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3ig4vwmRdo.woff

72 ms

6xK1dSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qPZ7psDQ.woff

6xK1dSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qPZ7psDQ.woff

73 ms

6xKwdSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qPZY4lCdi18I.woff

6xKwdSBYKcSV-LCoeQqfX1RYOo3qPZY4lCdi18I.woff

74 ms

311 ms

css_8q0a_nesI7PzStK16l9kuvNi-NCKn1fMPXNPz-KFeuQ.css

css_8q0a_nesI7PzStK16l9kuvNi-NCKn1fMPXNPz-KFeuQ.css

77 ms

Accessibility Review

handbook.cochrane.org accessibility score

97

Accessibility Issues

Names and labels

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Impact

Issue

High

Links do not have a discernible name

Best Practices

handbook.cochrane.org best practices score

75

Areas of Improvement

Trust and Safety

Impact

Issue

High

Does not use HTTPS

High

Includes front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities

Low

Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

User Experience

Impact

Issue

High

Serves images with low resolution

General

Impact

Issue

Low

Detected JavaScript libraries

SEO Factors

handbook.cochrane.org SEO score

75

Search Engine Optimization Advices

Content Best Practices

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

Impact

Issue

High

Links do not have descriptive text

Crawling and Indexing

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

Impact

Issue

High

Links are not crawlable

Mobile Friendly

Make sure your pages are mobile friendly so users don’t have to pinch or zoom in order to read the content pages. [Learn more](https://developers.google.com/search/mobile-sites/).

Impact

Issue

High

Document uses legible font sizes

High

Tap targets are not sized appropriately

Language and Encoding

  • Language Detected

    EN

  • Language Claimed

    EN

  • Encoding

    UTF-8

Language claimed in HTML meta tag should match the language actually used on the web page. Otherwise Handbook.cochrane.org can be misinterpreted by Google and other search engines. Our service has detected that English is used on the page, and it matches the claimed language. Our system also found out that Handbook.cochrane.org main page’s claimed encoding is utf-8. Use of this encoding format is the best practice as the main page visitors from all over the world won’t have any issues with symbol transcription.

Social Sharing Optimization

handbook.cochrane.org

Open Graph data is detected on the main page of Handbook Cochrane. This is the best way to make the web page social media friendly. Here is how it looks like on Facebook: